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Although the burial realm is typically a zone of net porosity degradation, there is growing evidence that porosity can increase during burial as a result of dissolution.

Porosity in carbonate reservoir rocks in inherently heterogeneous and complex because it is often largely the product of diagenetic processes and usually forms on multiple scales. Many carbonate reservoirs have bi- or multimodal pore networks.

Primary macroporosity includes all pores that were formed during deposition of the rock, and which have been preserved into the burial realm.

Mouldic porosity (non-touching vug porosity of Lucia, 2006) describes all pores that have been formed by the dissolution of specific grains. Mouldic porosity is fabric selective, and is often prefixed by the grain that has been dissolved (e.g. oomould, pelmould, dolomould, biomould).

Vuggy porosity (touching vug porosity of Lucia, 2007) describes all pores, from micron to centimetre scale, that have been formed by the combined dissolution of grains and matrix.

Intercrystalline porosity includes all pores that occur between crystals, normally within dolostones. They might be macro (> 30 microns), meso- (1 -30 microns) or micro (<1 micron); their pore size being dependent upon the crystallinity of the rock. Subsequent dissolution will create moulds or vugs.

Mesoporosity is rarely used in the literature as a descriptive term, but is used here to describe all primary and secondary matrix pores that are >1 micron diameter but < 30 microns diameter. This means that they cannot be seen as individual pores in thin section, but can be imaged using BSEM and X-Ray CT imaging